id: "IA-05(02)" title: "Public Key-based Authentication" family: "IA" family_name: "Identification and Authentication" sort_id: "ia-05.02" priority: "P1" implementation_level: "system" parent: "IA-05" enhancement: True


For public key-based authentication:

Enforce authorized access to the corresponding private key; and

Map the authenticated identity to the account of the individual or group; and

When public key infrastructure (PKI) is used:

Validate certificates by constructing and verifying a certification path to an accepted trust anchor, including checking certificate status information; and

Implement a local cache of revocation data to support path discovery and validation.

Guidance

Public key cryptography is a valid authentication mechanism for individuals, machines, and devices. For PKI solutions, status information for certification paths includes certificate revocation lists or certificate status protocol responses. For PIV cards, certificate validation involves the construction and verification of a certification path to the Common Policy Root trust anchor, which includes certificate policy processing. Implementing a local cache of revocation data to support path discovery and validation also supports system availability in situations where organizations are unable to access revocation information via the network.

Assessment Objective: authorized access to the corresponding private key is enforced for public key-based authentication;

Assessment Objective: the authenticated identity is mapped to the account of the individual or group for public key-based authentication;

Assessment Objective: when public key infrastructure (PKI) is used, certificates are validated by constructing and verifying a certification path to an accepted trust anchor, including checking certificate status information;

Assessment Objective: when public key infrastructure (PKI) is used, a local cache of revocation data is implemented to support path discovery and validation.

Identification and authentication policy

procedures addressing authenticator management

system security plan

system design documentation

system configuration settings and associated documentation

PKI certification validation records

PKI certification revocation lists

other relevant documents or records

Organizational personnel with PKI-based, authenticator management responsibilities

organizational personnel with information security responsibilities

system/network administrators

system developers

Mechanisms supporting and/or implementing PKI-based, authenticator management capability